Aug 26, 2020 copper in the roasted chalcopyrite concentrate was leached with a 90. Kobayashi january 2000 technical report nrritr200057 cmrltr0002 natural resources research institute university of minnesota duluth. Chalcopyrite was the major copper mineral in the hq ore, constituting 3. Sulfide ores such as chalcopyrite cufes2 are converted to. Whilst some copper ores are amenable to hydrometallurgy, chalcopyrite, the main copper mineral, is challenging to process in aqueous solutions due to surface passivation. Recovery of copper from alkaline glycine leach solution using. Most of the sulphur in chalcopyrite turns into sulphur dioxide so 2. Chalcopyrite cufes 2 is the most mineral resistant to leaching it is a well known fact that chalcopyrite is the major and most abundant copper sulphide mineral. Pdf extraction of copper, zinc, nickel and cobalt in. Copper minerals are separated from useless material by flotation using froth forming solutions. Figure 1 distribution of world copper usage areas in 2016 1. Throughout this paper, copper sulphides describes both mixed copper iron sulphides, such as. This passivation layer hinders the transfer of ions from chalcopyrite, resulting in low copper recovery.
There is a difficulty in the extraction of copper from different bacterial consortium, due to the large amount of chalcopyrite present in the mineral studied 70% total cu. Extraction of copper, zinc, nickel and cobalt in acid oxidative leaching of chalcopyrite at the presence of deepsea manganese nodules as. It has been widely reported that the passivation layer generates on the surface of chalcopyrite during leaching. The conversion of copper consists of a series of physical and electrochemical processes. Aacubc chalcopyrite copper hydrometallurgy process. The copper concentrate, containing 2536% copper by. Methods have evolved and vary with country depending on the ore source, local environmental regulations, and other factors. Costeffective cufes2 extraction strategies are therefore. Since the introduction of solvent extraction sx in the mineral. About 34 th of copper cu produced in the world has come from chalcopyrite cufes 2, but it is the lowest standard ore of copper. Chalcopyrite is not only the most abundant of the copper sulphides, but also the most stable, making it recalcitrant to. The copper extraction of 100% was obtained using 2. Lq ore was dominated by chrysocolla, which constituted 3. Comparison of various extractants for recovery of copper from.
The extraction of copper from asreceived chalcopyrite flotation concentrate, at a particle size of 100%. Because of the different dissolution characteristics of the oxide, secondary sulfide, and primary sulfide minerals to the different partial extraction copper. Improving of copper extraction from chalcopyrite by using nacl. Microwave improving copper extraction from chalcopyrite. In this study, a solvometallurgical process for the extraction of copper from sulfidic ore minerals chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocite and digenite was developed by using an organic lixiviant. Extraction of copper mining, concentration, smelting. The addition of nacl in the ammonium persulfateaps as an oxidant leaching was investigated. Generalised flow sheet for the extraction of copper from copper 15 sulphide mineral ores via different processes. Chalcopyrite also known as copper pyrites and similar sulphide ores are the commonest ores of. Concentration the chalcopyrite mineral is separated from the gangue of silicate minerals using the process of froth flotation.
Chalcopyrite is one of the most widely used copper baring minerals in the world and can be found in lowgrade ores. Kalkopyryt is a copper iron sulfide mineral and the most abundant copper ore mineral. Assuming that it is removed from the surface of chalcopyrite, there still be sufficient surface for leaching, which will weaken the passivation problem. The goal of this paper 710 660 arsenates limits copper extraction and inhibits gold was to highlight the quantitative analytical tools 711 661 recovery. Extraction of copper from chalcopyrite concentrates without sulfuric acid generation via chlorination i. Bacterial consortium for copper extraction from sulphide. The metallic copper can be produced by direct electrodeposition from the pregnant leachate without any other competing electrochemical reactions. Us3949051a hydrometallurgical process for extracting. Around 70 percent of copper in the world is in chalcopyrite form and all economic projections for the future should be based on it. Concentrate 1535% cu conventional route hearthfluid bed roasting discard slag 4 reverberatory. An integrated process for copper extraction from a chalcopyrite concentrate in alkaline glycinate solutions has identi.
Accelerating copper leaching from sulfide ores in acid. It has the chemical formula cufes 2 and crystallizes in the tetragonal system. Pdf extraction and purification of copper from a nigerian. The common technique for copper extraction from chalcopyrite ores is the pyrometallurgical extraction route consisting of roasting, melting, copper conversion. Shake flasks tests for chalcopyrite concentrate at ambient temperature didnt exceed 4% of copper extraction in any of the tests with seawater, discard brine and distilled water with 20 gl of cl.
Almost every modern hydrometallurgical method for copper extraction consists of three. Copper recovery using leachsolvent extractionelectrowinning. Besides copper ions, considerably high ferrousferric ion concentrations were achieved in the leach solution. This low voltage effect is attributed to the release of ferrous ions, which increase the extraction rate of copper from chalcopyrite above a critical voltage greater. Chalcopyrite deposit across the globe facts about copper, 2010 world trend in sxsolvent extraction capacities from 1985 2005 rotuska and chimjeleniki, 2008 typical flow diagram of lxsx. Effect of pretreatment on leaching primary copper sulfide. Kinetics of copper extraction the effect of contact time on copper extraction. Extraction of copper, zinc, nickel and cobalt in acid.
Chalcopyrite dissolution in sulphatebased leaching and. Direct extraction of copper from copper sulfide minerals. Materials and methods substrate chalcopyrite, used in the present study was collected from chitradurga copper mine, chi tradurga, karnataka. The process flow sheet for conventional pyrometallurgical extraction of copper from chalcopyrite concentrate is shown in fig.
Solvent extraction the process by which copper ions are leached or otherwise extracted from the raw ore using chemical agents. A process for extracting copper from a copper containing concentrate by comminuting the concentrate in the presence of a liquid dispersing agent which inhibits agglomeration and forms a pulp, and leaching the pulp in the presence of a silver catalyst. It also provides a feasible alternative for treating primary copper sul. It is seen that higher cu extraction % values can be achieved with a study to be performed in the optimum parameters. Just like in blast furnaces, calcium carbonate is added as a flux to create the slag. Percolation leaching of a chalcopyritebearing ore at. Pyrometallurgical extraction of copper from sulfide ores the ores containing chalcopyrite minerals are upgraded by flotation and then roasted under controlled conditions. Recycling metals from secondary materials and more complex ores has recently been attracting more attention, creating a need for more. Us3949051a hydrometallurgical process for extracting copper from chalcopyrite or bornite.
The technology should be suitable for retrofits, e. Re extraction of copper from loaded organic phases copper stripping was studied on organic phase lix 984 20% vv charged by contact with the aqueous phase at ph of 1. A conceptual process for copper extraction from chalcopyrite. Smelting of chalcopyrite is an efficient process but costly both in terms of capital investment, operating costs and environmental compliance. Request pdf a conceptual process for copper extraction from chalcopyrite in alkaline glycinate solutions a conceptual flowsheet is proposed and the main processing steps are evaluated for the. Chalcopyrite also known as copper pyrites and similar sulfide ores are the commonest ores of.
Presently, the mining industry faces the challenge of extracting copper from low grade copper ores. Leaching of primary copper sulfide ore in chlorideferrous. Pdf copper solvent extraction from chalcopyrite concentrate. In this study, a solvometallurgical process for the extraction of copper from sul. The extraction of copper from asreceived chalcopyrite. It has a brassy to golden yellow color and a hardness of 3.
Pdf improving of copper extraction from chalcopyrite by. The copper concentrate, containing 2536% copper by weight, is pumped to the smelter. During roasting, iron sulfide is partly converted into feo for subsequent. Jul 01, 2017 the copper extraction and ph changes are shown in fig. The extraction of copper from chalcopyrite has for centuries been limited to pyrometallurgical methods. Pdf solvometallurgical process for extraction of copper. If the chalcopyrite concentrate underwent an ultra. Improving of copper extraction from chalcopyrite by using. Extraction of copper from chalcopyrite concentrates. Jan 01, 2020 this may be a guide to understanding the high copper recovery of chalcopyrite under microwaveassisted heating. Kelex reagents have not been used commercially for copper sx, but the use of modifiers to shift the extraction stripping equilibrium of copper extractants represents a significant, widely used advance in copper sx. Effect of pretreatment on leaching primary copper sulfide in. Aps has some advantages compared with conventional oxidants and its standard redox potential e is 2.
This study indicates that pretreatment has a positive effect on copper dissolution from primary copper sul. Properties of copper orespage 2 determine if the copper bearing mineral could be leached with water andor 7. Hydrometallurgical processes for copper extraction provide a viable route to recover the metal from mixed and lowgrade ores, as well as overcome the environmental challenges faced by the traditional pyrometallurgical processes. Copper in chalcopyrite is reduced to copper sulphide. The treatment of hq ore with 30 gt sibx has shown that up to 90 % of the copper can be recovered. Presently, the mining industry faces the challenge of extracting copper from lowgrade copper ores.
This concentration was sufficiently high for the use of either solvent extraction or ion exchange techniques or both for further treatment of. Gaseous chlorination of sulfide concentrates iwasaki, iwao. Oxides or oxidised ores are found only in limited quantities. Sulphide ores such as chalcopyrite are converted to copper by a different method from silicate, carbonate or sulphate ores. Bacterial consortium for copper extraction from sulphide ore. The chalcopyrite minerals are removed from the gangue because they stick to the froth. Modern dump leaching of chalcopyrite is slow and inefficient, and much of the copper remains in the. Pdf improving of copper extraction from chalcopyrite by using nacl. As the above experimental results have shown, copper and iron in chalcopyrite can be extracted quantitatively with the lixiviant fecl 3 eg and sulfur can be removed as solid elemental sulfur. Copper and iron extraction yields were obtained as 75% and 80%, respectively under leaching conditions as follows. It can be seen that the rate of initial copper extraction, after preoxidation, is quite rapid after which there is a change in rate due to iron hydroxide precipitate on the chalcopyrite surface. Copper can be extracted from various types of ores, most of which belong to the sulfidic ores such as chalcopyrite, bornite, covellite, digenite and chalcocite.
Iron in chalcopyrite is removed as iron silicate slag. In this thesis, dissolution of a pyritic and a pure chalcopyrite concentrate was studied in stirred tank. Extraction of copper from sufidic ores, either by pyrometallurgy or hydrometallurgy, has various limitations. This is a pdf file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication.
Smelting smelting of the copper concentrate and extraction by heat, flux and addition of oxygen. Sulphur, iron and other undesirable elements are removed and the product is called blister copper. The method used to extract copper from its ores depends on the nature of the ore. In this study, a solvometallurgical process for the extraction of copper from sulfidic ore minerals chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocite and digenite was developed by using an organic lixiviant fecl 3 as oxidizing agent and ethylene glycol eg as organic solvent. A study of the flotation characteristics of a complex. Us3949051a hydrometallurgical process for extracting copper. Extraction of copper copper exists in nature mostly in the form of copper sulfide. Percolation leaching of a chalcopyritebearing ore at ambient. Pdf the extraction and purification of copper by dithizone in kerosene from an aqueous chloride chalcopyrite leach liquor containing 934. Selective separation of metallic phases from chalcopyrite. Copper cu extraction rate from chalcopyrite cufes2 is normally slowed down by the passivation layers formed on cufes2 surface. Extraction of copper from sulphide ore large amount of copper are obtained from copper.
Why the extraction of copper from chalcopyrite is so. Thermophilic bioheap leaching of chalcopyrite concentrates. Pdf extraction of copper, zinc, nickel and cobalt in acid. Extraction of copper from copperbearing materials by sulfation. Extraction of copper from chalcopyrite concentrates without. If the chalcopyrite concentrate underwent an ultrafine grind to100%. Microwave improving copper extraction from chalcopyrite jan, introduction chalcopyrite is a significant resource of copper as accounting for around of the entire earths copper, valuable copper is extracted mainly by pyrometallurgy throughout the current tech however, a particular focus is given to hydrometallurgy due to its low air pollution and wide. Extraction of copper important ores of copper copper pyrite or chalcopyrite cufes 2. Bioleaching of copper from chalcopyrite ore by fungi.
Solvometallurgical process for extraction of copper from chalcopyrite. Copper extraction refers to the methods used to obtain copper from its ores. Modern dump leaching of chalcopyrite is slow and inefficient, and much of the copper. Moreover, copper is extracted by matte smelting process without using any reductant. Tables 61 and 62 provide capsule summaries of these processes. Biological extraction appeared as an appealing alternative. Direct extraction of copper from copper sulfide minerals using deep eutectic solvents. A study of the flotation characteristics of a complex copper ore.
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