Vertical erosion is the main process in the upper course of the river, as the river wants to get to sea level. River based flooding is among one of the most frequent and widespread natural hazards. Igcse geography river processes and landforms introduction this essay is about how river processes shape landforms at different stages as the river moves from its source to its mouth. There are three main processes that affect rivers and their valleys. An example of an upland area in the uk affected by glaciation 12.
The unit covers the functioning of the hydrological, fluvial and human aspects of drainage basins. Useful links and starting points the time for geography website has lots of short video clips to help you boost your geographical knowledge about river processes linked here. River processes erosion, transportation and deposition 1 erosion involves the wearing away of rock and soil from the river bed and also banks. The warm, moist air rises because it is less dense. A level geography pc hydrology and fluvial geomorphology. Erosion hydraulic action, abrasion and attrition mass movement slumping and soil creep weathering physical, chemical and biological see coasts revision notes for more details river storm hydrographs. The start of a river is called the source and the end is called the mouth along the main river, there are many other smaller rivers which join it called tributaries. Gorge a steepsided valley with a river running through it. River processes erosion, transportation and deposition.
Gradational processes tectonic processes build up of roughen. Rivers are perhaps the most important denudation agent. An example of a flood management scheme in the uk 11. River processes a resource identifying the different river processes of erosion, transportation and deposition. Content objectives terminology teaching strategies ts and activities a resources the global.
Classifying rivers the three stages of river development. Using the ocr b textbook, page 8, complete the table below. Or from within the rivers channel itself endogenetic that could be material from the stream bed and banks, which is influenced by the power of erosion and the resistance of material to erosion. A resource identifying the different river processes of erosion, transportation and deposition. Edexcel gcse geography a checklist this check list contains the following units. Precipitation occurs as water droplets get bigger and heavier they begin to fall as rain, snow and sleet, etc. Today, the study of geomorphology is broken down into the study of various geomorphological processes. An example of a glaciated upland area in the uk used for tourism. River capture this is a process where one river captures the headwaters on a nearby stream. Ib dp geography river processes 1 source the environment agency task 1 using page 3 of the embedded slideshare from, annotate the diagram above. Erosion is the wearing away of the land by moving forces in this case the river. Location of the river wye geomorphic processes shaping the river river landforms and how they are formed how humans impact the river how humans manage the river geomorphic processes. Copy the definitions of the four main processes of erosion into your table on the worksheet you should remember these from your coasts work.
Water erodes and undercuts the river bank on the outside of the bend where water flow has most energy due to less friction. Eroded rocks rub against the channelthrown against the cliff attrition eroded rocks picked up by the river waves smash into each other. A copy of the river delta area topographic map is presented below. River load in upper course load is dumped in summer due to the low discharge unable to carry the capacity and competence of load at higher flow levels 18. You may refer to an example which you have studied and include labelled diagrams.
River processes and pressures forest gate community. Remember to include river erosion processes keywords from last lesson in your explanation. Understand that the effectiveness of the river processes will vary according to the volume and. All three depend on the amount of energy there is in a river. This area is dominated by coastal processes on lake athabasca, river processes within the william river, and aeolian processes in the surrounding area. They carve channels, form valleys,transport and deposit regolith over great distances and other material to form other types of landforms. These join with the main river at a point called the confluence. Hydraulic action the force of the river against the banks can cause air to be trapped in cracks and crevices. This also provides a useful introduction to river landscapes link with a casestudy. Fluvial processes involved in river valley and river channel formation.
When a river is near its source, it often develops a vshaped valley as the river erodes down this is called vertical erosion. River processes shape the land in different ways as the river moves from its source to its mouth. Free rivers worksheets for teaching the geography topic of rivers. Recognise that weathering involves the breakdown of rock in situ and, as such, should be. Get the lesson worksheet get the lesson powerpoint. Climate and weather and fluvial processes can be tested in mapwork. Book chapter rivers are dynamic systems and they have shaped the uk in many ways over thousands of years. Be able to give reasons why and where in a river s course deposition takes place. At the same time, weathering breaks up material on the valley slopes.
Extensive wetlands and marshes mark much of the coast, where sediment and marsh vegetation have partly filled the lagoons behind the barriers. These processes are known as fluvial processes which relate to erosion, transport and deposition by a river. Explain how the work of a river and rock structure influence the formation of a waterfall and its retreat upstream. Processes such as evaporation and condensation introduced here are fundamental to the whole of physical and human geography. Isolate topics to specific areas in the geography caps content, for example. River processes and pressures river drainage basin river source tributary watershed confluence river mouth profile of a river rivers are subjected to the same processes ac coasts. Rivers get water and material as inputs from overland flow, precipitation and groundwater flow and erosion. Why do meanders sometimes develop into oxbow lakes. These geography worksheets are all based on the topic of rivers and they are all free to download, print and use.
Sediment systems sediment in a river comes from a variety of sources. Youll need to zoom in for elevations to be visible. An analysis of weather data over a longer period geomorphology. The hjulstrom curve a hjulstrom curve is a special type of graph that shows how a river s velocity affects it competence and its ability to erode particles of different sizes. To obtain elevations from the, use the feature my topo from the same dropdown list. The formation of meanders is due to both deposition and erosion and meanders gradually migrate downstream. River erodes laterally, to the right side then the left side and forms large bends called meanders. A river and its tributaries obtain their water from the surrounding land. Physical processes on river landscapes river processes and pressures river drainage basin river source tributary watershed confluence river mouth profile of a river rivers are subjected to the same processes ac coasts. The pressure weakens the banks and gradually wears away. Bank erosion the process of entrainment determine the type and magnitude of. Students answer all questions from sections b and c. We have also included some river worksheets we created ourselves. Type of erosion explanation rough sketch cartoon of the process hydraulic action attrition abrasion solution hello.
Geomorphologists seek to understand why landscapes look the way they do, to understand. River erosion, deposition and landforms weber state. Along the main river, there are many other smaller rivers which join it called tributaries. There are three main types of processes that occur in a river. Answers to rivers fieldwork prior knowledge quiz page 24 appendix 2. Water evaporates from water bodies such as rivers, lakes and seas, and from plants and trees. Rivers begin in upland areas and flow downhill towards the sea. Weathered material from the valley sides gets deposited in the river. A study of processes and factors influencing flow patterns in local stream rivers settlement geography.
An example of a river that was old then rejuvenated into one with 6 l. Free rivers worksheets for teaching the geography topic of. Geography grade 12 za brought to you by page 1 session 9. This material is carried by the river and erodes the riverbed through abrasion.
A river is a body of water flowing along a natural channel. River processes gcserevision, geography, riverlandscapes. Students complete a range of activities to help them understand how these processes work along a rivers course. When the precipitation reaches the surface, some falls directly into the sea but other water falls on land. For more information, you can click on the image and it will take you to the website it came from. Geography grade 12 page 2 question 2 study figure 2 which contains information about fluvial processes and answer the questions that follow 2. A rejuvenated river is a course of flowing water with a gradient that is raised by the earths movement. Fluvial is a term used in geography and earth science to refer to the processes associated with rivers and streams and the deposits and landforms created by. The individual processes are considered to be either erosional, depositional, or both. Choosing a topic for a geography research project hypothesis testing. The exam includes multiple choice questions, short open, open res ponse, calculations and 8mark extended writing questions. Fluvial is a term used in geography and earth science to refer to the processes associated with rivers and streams and the deposits and landforms created by them. Condensation occurs when water vapour is turned back into water droplets as it cools down.
Geography grade 12 brought to you by page 1 session 9. Deposition task 1 go to this revision site from the bbc. Look specifically at how climate and weather and fluvial processes can be tested in mapwork. As hydrology mrs conrads kis ialevel geography support.
Question 3 a i most candidates correctly selected wave cut platform. Add numbered labels explaining each stage of the formation of the landform. These processes erode material at the coast and in a river. Water is evaporated from oceans, rivers, lakes, etc. Some basic characteristics of rivers rivers have a wide range in size as measured by either water discharge. Understanding of the fluvial geomorphic processes is an essential aspect in physical geography. Hydraulic action the force of the water breaks rock particles away from the river channelcliff. It may be from outside the river exogenetic that includes, mass movement, rill and gully erosion and sheet wash. Tectonic earth movements, where the slope of the land changes, and the stream is tipped out of its former course. Rivers and streams are bodies of water that flow in open channels. A river transports, erodes, or deposits sediment load. Question 2 coastal landscapes and processes, question 3 river landscapes and processes, question 4 glaciated upland landscapes and processes. When a river meets the sea a river will deposit its load because the gradient is generally reduced at sea level and the sea will absorb a lot of energy.
When a river enters an area of shallow water or when the volume of water decreases eg. The following aspects are highlighted in this section. The best exhibit of cuspate forelands in the world extends from the mouth of chesapeake bay to cape romain, south carolina. Erosionwears away 1 where the river has plenty of energyforceflowing quickly 1 water into gaps in the soilrock 1. The start of a river is called the source and the end is called the mouth. Understand and explain river transport processes including traction, saltation, suspension and solution. Rivers have a wide range of water discharge and an even wider range of sediment discharge, as a function of time. There are many processes operating in different parts of rivers.
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